UGC NET June 2012 Syllabus for Geography

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UGC NET Geography Paper II Geomorphology: Fundamental concepts; Endogenetic and Exogenetic forces; Denudation and weathering; Geosynclines, continental drift and plate tectonics; Concept of geomorphic cycle; Landforms associated with fluvial, glacial, arid, coastal and karst cycles. Climatology: Compbsition and structure of the atmosphere; Heat budget of the earth; Distribution of temperature; Atmospheric pressure and general circulation of winds; Monsoon and jet stream; Tropical and temperate cyclones; Classification of world climates; Koppen × s and Thoramwaite's schemes. Oceanography: Ocean deposits; Coral reefs; Temperature and salinity of the oceans; Density of sea water; Tides and ocean currents. Bio-Geography: World distribution of plants and animals; Forms and functions of ecosystem; Conservation and management of ecosystems; Problems of pollution. Geographic Thought: General character of Geographic knowledge during the ancient and medieval period; Foundations of Modern Geography; Determinism and possibilism; Areal differentiation and spatial organisation. Population Geography: Patterns of world distribution; Growth and density of population; Patterns and processes of migration; Demographic transition. Settlement Geography: Site, situation, types, size, spacing and internal morphology of rural and urban settlements; City-region; Primate city; Rank-size rule; Settlement hierarchy; Christaller's Central Place theory; August Losch's theory of market Centres. Economic Geography: Sectors of Economy: Primary, secondary, Tertiary and quaternary; Natural resources: Renewable and non-renewable. Measurement of agricultural productivity and efficiency; Crop combination and diversification; Von Thimen's Model. Classification of industries: Weber's and Losch's approaches; Resource based and footloose industries. Models of transportation and transport cost: Accessibility and connectivity. Politics Geography: Heartland and Rimland theories; Boundaries and frontiers; Nature of administrative areas and Geography of public policy and finance. Social Geography: Ethnicity; tribe; dialect; language, caste and religion; Concept of social well-being. Cultural Geography: Culture-areas and cultural regions; Human races; Habitat; Economy and Society of tribal groups. Regional Planning: Regional concept in Geography; Concept of planning regions; Types of regions; Methods of regional delineation; Regional planning in India; Indicators of development; Regional imbalances; Evolution, nature and scope of town planning with special reference to India, and Fundamentals of Town and Country planning. Geography of India: Physiographic divisions; Climate: Its regional variations; Vegetation types and vegetation regions; Major soil types; Irrigation and agriculture; Population distribution and growth; Settlement patterns; Mineral and power resources; major industries and industrial regions. Cartography: Types of maps: Techniques for the study of spatial patterns of distribution; Choropleth; Isopleth and Chorochromatic maps and pie diagrams; Mapping of location-specific data; Accessibility and flow maps. Remote sensing and Computer application in mapping; Digital mapping; Geographic Information System (GIS). Statistical Methods: Data sources and types of data; Frequency distribution and cumulative frequency; Measures of central, tendency; Selection of class intervals for mapping; Measures of dispersion and concentration; Standard deviation; Lorenz Curve; Methods of measuring association among different attributes; Simple and Multiple correlation; Regression. Nearest-neighbour analysis; Scaling techniques; Rank score; Weighted score; Sampling techniques for Geographical analysis. UGC NET Geography Paper III (Part A & B) Core and Elective or Optional Unit-I Geomorphology: Fundamental concepts; Factors controlling landform development; Endogenetic and Exdgenetic forces; Denudation process: Weamering. And erosion, Geosynclines, mountain building, continental drift and plate tectonics; Concept of Geomorphic Cycle; Landforms associated with fluvial, glacial, arid, coastal and karst cycles, Slope forms and processes; Environmental and Applied Geomorphology. Unit-II Climatology: Composition and structure of the atmosphere; Insolation; Heat budget of the earth; Distribution of temperature, atmospheric pressure and general circulation of winds; Monsoons and jet streams; Stability and instability of the atmosphere; Air-masses; Fronts, temperate and tropical cyclones; Types and distribution of precipitation; Classification of world climates; Koppen's and Thornthwaite's schemes; Hydrological Cycle; Global warming. Unit-III Oceanography: Origin of ocean basins; Bottom relief of Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Oceans; Ocean deposits; Coral reefs; Temperature and salinity of the Oceans; Density of sea water; Tides and ocean currents; Sea-level changes. Bio-Geography: Physical factors influencing world distribution of plants and animals; Fbrms and functions of ecosystem: Forest, grassland, marine and mountain ecosystem; Bio-diversity and its depletion through natural and man induced causes? Conservation and management of ecosystems; Environmental hazards and problem of pollution; Ozone depletion. Unit-IV History of Geographic Thought: General character of Geographic knowledge during the ancient and medieval period; Foundations of Modern Geography: Contribution of German, French, British and American schools; Conceptual and methodological developments during the 20th century; Changing paradigms; Man and Environment, determinism and possibilism, area! dinerentiation and spatial organisation; Quantitative revolution; Impact of positivism, humanism, radicalism and behaviouralism in Geography. Unit-V Population Geography: Nature, scope, subject matter and recent trends; Patterns ofworld distribution, growth and density of population; Policy issues; Patens and processes of migration; Demographic transition; Population-resource regions. Settlement Geography: Site, situation, types, size, spacing and internal morphology of rural and urban settlements; Ecologicalprocesses of urban growth; Urban fringe; City-region; Settlement systems; Primate city; Rank-Size rule; Settlement hierarchy; Christaller's Central Place theory; August Losch's theory of market centres. Unit-VI Economic Geography: Location of economic activities and spatial organization of economies; Glassification of economies; Sectors of Economy: Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary; Natural resources: Renewable and non-renewable; Conservation of resources. Agricultural Geography: Concept and techniques of delimitation of agricultural regions; Measurement of agricultural productivity and efficiency; Crop combinations and diversification; Von Thunen's Model; Agricultural systems of the world. Industrial Geography: Classification of industries: Weber's and Losch's approaches; Resource based and footloose industries. Geography of Transport and Trade: Models of transportation and transport cost; Accessibility and connectivity: Inter-regional and Intra-regibnal: Comparative cost advantages. Unit-VII Political Geography: Definition and scope of Political Geography; Geopolitics; Global strategic views (Heartland and Rimland theories); Concept of nation, state and Nation-State; Boundaries and frontiers; Politics of world resources; Geography and Federalism. Social Geography: Nature and scope of social geography; Social structure and social processes; Elements of Social Geography-ethnicity, tribe, dialect, language, caste and religion; Concept of Social well-being. Cultural Geography: Nature and scope of Cultural Geography; Environment and culture; Concept of culture-areas and cultural regions; Theories of tribal groups; Dwelling places as cultural expressions. Unit-VIII Regional Planning: Regional concept in Geography; its application to planning; Concept of planning region; Regional hierarchy; Types of regions and methods of regional delineation; Conceptual and theoretical framework of regional planning; Regional planning in India: Concept of development; Indicators of development; Regional imbalances. Unit-IX Geography of India: Physiographic divisions; Climate: Its regional variations; Vegetation types and vegetation regions; Major soil types; Coastal and Marine resources; Water resources; Irrigation; Agriculture; Agroclimatic regions; Mineral and power resources; Major industries and industrial regions; Population distribution and growth; Settlement patterns; Regional disparities in social and economic development. Unit-X Cartography: Map as a tool in Geographical studies; Types of maps: Techniques for the study of spatial patterns of distribution; Single purpose and composite maps; Choropleth, Isopleth and Chorochromatic maps and pie diagrams; Mapping of location specific data; Accessibility and flow maps. Remote sensing and computer application in mapping; Digital mapping; Geogf aphic Information System (GIS): Thematic maps. Statistical Methods: Data sources and types of data; Statistical diagrams; study of frequency distribution and cumulative frequency; Measures of central tendency; Selection of class intervals for mapping; Measures of dispersion and concentration; Standard deviation; Lorenz curve; Methods of measuring association among different attributes; Simple and multiple correlation; Regression. Measurement of spatialpatterns of distribution; Nearest-neighbour analysis; Scaling techniques, rank score, weighted score; Sampling techniques for geographical analysis.